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- Apple II
- Technical Notes
- _____________________________________________________________________________
- Developer Technical Support
-
-
- Apple IIe
- #8: Known Anomalies of Enhanced IIe ROMs
-
- Revised by: Matt Deatherage November 1988
- Revised by: Cameron Birse February 1986
-
- This Technical Note describes three problems with the Enhanced IIe ROMs and
- some suggested solutions.
- _____________________________________________________________________________
-
- The following three anomalies are known to occur when the Enhanced IIe ROMs
- are present:
-
- 1. Some Apple II peripheral cards do not handle interrupts well since
- Apple II family members before the IIc and Enhanced IIe did not
- handle them very well either. If a card that cannot handle
- interrupts is used on the Enhanced Apple IIe, any interrupt is
- very likely to crash the system. A common example of this would
- be older, non-interruptible printer cards used with a Mouse card
- in the system. You can often work around this problem by
- disabling interrupts before printing to such a printer card.
-
- 2. There may be some problems when using the ROMs with communications
- packages. These problems are due to the way the 80-column
- firmware switches into 40-column mode. By sending a Control-Q
- through COUT, the firmware switches into 40-column mode. A simple
- solution to this would be to send an Escape-Control-D sequence,
- which disables the control functions. This solution will remain
- in effect until either the 80-column card is re-initialized by
- PR#3 or an Escape-Control-E sequence is sent through COUT.
- Another solution would be to simply not allow Control-Q sequences
- to get through to COUT by filtering them before they get there.
-
- 3. Many developers using double high-resolution graphics may wish to
- use 40-column text displays so the text can be read on a
- television set. There are a couple of possibilities:
-
- A. You can define your own double high-resolution character set
- with any size characters you desire, then plot them on the
- double high-resolution screen.
-
- B. You can print text to the Apple IIe text screen and toggle the
- screen on to display it.
-
- Note: There is no way to display four lines of 40-column
- text at the bottom of the double high-resolution screen
- in mixed mode since the 80-column hardware must be active
- while double high-resolution graphics are being
- displayed.
-
- To use the second method, however, does require some special
- considerations.
-
- The Apple IIe scroll routine continues to use the window
- parameters when scrolling, but uses the 80COL soft switch to
- determine if it should scroll the 80- or 40-column screen.
- Since the firmware has initialized a 40-column window, the
- scroll routines will move only the first 40 columns. But, the
- 80COL flag has been turned on for double high-resolution,
- therefore, the scrolling routine takes every even column from
- auxiliary memory and every odd column from main memory. As a
- result, only the first 40 columns get scrolled, 20 columns from
- auxiliary memory and 20 columns from main memory.
-
- One possible solution to the problem is to write your own
- scroll routines. Another might be to write to the screen so
- that scrolling will not occur. But there is yet another
- solution. Turn on the full 80-column mode with a PR#3 or the
- equivalent. Now print your text to COUT in the normal manner,
- being careful not to exceed 40 characters per line. The 80
- column firmware will scroll everything properly. When you are
- ready to display text, send a Control-Q sequence through COUT
- to switch to 40 columns. When you are ready to return to
- double high-resolution mode, send a Control-R sequence to COUT.
-
- When switching modes, a momentary glitch may occur. If you
- send the Control-Q sequence to COUT while still in graphics
- mode, the screen will go to regular single high-resolution mode
- before finally going to text mode. If you switch to text mode
- first, the text will be in 80-column mode (with 40 columns
- displayed on the left half of the screen) before ultimately
- going to 40-column mode. The same potential glitch may occur
- going back to double high-resolution mode. The glitch will be
- only momentary and may not present any problem for your
- application.
-
-
- Further Reference
- o Apple IIe Technical Reference Manual
-
-